Special Report – Veterans and HBOT

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a multisystem disease, characterized by generalized chronic
musculoskeletal pain. In addition, there is a lot of care for fatigue, sleep disorders,
morning stiffness, cognitive disorders, depression, anxiety and stress. Other common symptoms
are back pain, headaches, irritable bowel, balance problems and deterioration of physical
function in general. Patients with fibromyalgia (FM) often show pain at specific points that
are known as "tender spots or tender spots, with an increased sensitivity to painful stimuli"
(hyperalgesia) and a decreased pain threshold (allodynia). which can be evidenced in the
physical examination and in the absence of anomalies that justify in the biological or image
tests. These pain points to pressure, based on the most specific and specific criteria for
the diagnosis of the disease, traditionally based on the criteria of the American College of
Rheumatology (ACR), according to which, should be presented so minus 11 out of 18 painful
points to confirm it. Although the etiology remains unknown and unclear, its appearance is
attributed to a problem of central sensitization, that is, changes in central processing,
which causes an alteration of the mechanisms that regulate the sensation of pain, with
amplification of nociceptive input . and perpetuation of painful stimuli. Fibromyalgia is
becoming a common syndrome in the countries of Western Europe, with a prevalence in the
general population that ranges between 1-3%, and specifically in Spain, around 2.4%. In
addition, it has a higher incidence in women than men (73-95%), predominantly affecting women
between the ages of 40-50 years. About 3% of women with fibromyalgia are at an age when
menopause occurs, so not only do they experience the symptoms of both states but they even
exacerbate the syndrome with each other. On the other hand, and in relation to its
chronicity, the care of this type of patients involves large costs for society with a
significant consumption of health resources in the field of primary care, as well as the
costs of work absenteeism. For these reasons, it is considered an important problem with a
great impact on the health system, and therefore more and more studies are being developed
with the aim of better understanding the pathophysiology of this disease. The therapeutic
approach includes low cost and easy access measures, such as physical exercise (EF) programs
to improve the symptoms of FM. Physical exercise has positive effects directly on pain, joint
and muscle stiffness, generalized sensitivity and fatigue, among others, and secondarily on
cognitive disorders. Thus, the vast majority of studies focus on low-impact aerobic exercise,
performed between 60% and 70% of the maximum heart rate two to three times a week. However,
to date, there is no study that compares the effectiveness of physical exercise with other
innovative therapeutic actions, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), the
hyperbaric chamber (HBOT), in parameters related to pain and quality of life. the life of
patients with fibromyalgia. The general objective is the effectiveness of transcranial
magnetic stimulation and the hyperbaric chamber in women with fibromyalgia. As specific
objectives we propose:

To assess the effect of HBOT, TMS and EF on quality of life in women with fibromyalgia.

– Object the effect of HBOT, TMS and EF in cortical functioning.

– Evaluate the effect of HBOT, TMS and EF on fatigue.

– Evaluate the effect of HBOT, TMS and EF on psychological aspects, such as depression and
anxiety.

– Evaluate the effect of HBOT, TMS and EF on the perception of pain and the number of
painful points.

– Evaluate the effect of HBOT, TMS and EF on the quality of sleep.

– Evaluate the effect of HBOT, TMS and EF on the quality of life.

– Evaluate the effect of HBOT, TMS and EF on the pain constructs.

– Determine the effect of HBOT, TMS and EF on plasma endorphin levels.